Mold effect or Newton's beads

Possible explanations:

1) Elasticity

An explanation was offered by science popularizer Andrei Shchetnikov from Novosibirsk. To make a bead at rest move, a certain force is needed. To transfer this force to the bead, the thread stretches and then contracts, launching the bead into the air. Thus, each subsequent bead flies into the air not much, but faster than the previous one. Having lowered the beads from the 10th floor, Shchetnikov obtained a height of about 50 cm.

2) Leverage effect

An explanation was proposed by Cambridge scientists John Biggins and Mark Warner. If we consider the chain as rods connected to each other, then the chain crawling out of the jar causes one such rod to rotate - and as it turns, it begins to put pressure on the supply of the chain. This pressure force causes the chain to rise. Steve Mould suggests that it is not just leverage that lifts a ball chain into the air, but the leverage of multiple balls at once. Unlike New Year's beads, a ball chain cannot bend much, and when bent to the limit, it behaves like a rigid body. The result is a lever of sufficient length to effectively act on the chain reserve. If the chain is not kept in a jar, but laid out in rows on a horizontal surface, the same lever force will noticeably move the chain in the opposite direction.

3) Jumps

Norwegians Eirik Flekkøy, Marcel Moura and Knut Moløy conducted a computational experiment and found that beads do not gush from a relatively flat bottom. But they offered this explanation: before they come off, the beads drag horizontally for some time along the uneven supply of beads - and, of course, jump up. The filming also showed that the beads do not rise into the air evenly, but in jumps, several beads at a time.